ORA-27101异常处理

denglj

系统：CentOS 7.9
数据库：oracle 19.15
问题描述：节点2从19.14升级到19.15成功后，执行./datapatch -verbose指令时报错ORA-27101，如下所示：
[oracle@hisdb2 OPatch]$ ./datapatch -verbose
SQL Patching tool version 19.15.0.0.0 Production on Tue May 31 12:03:51 2022
Copyright (c) 2012, 2022, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Log file for this invocation: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_30790_2022_05_31_12_03_51/sqlpatch_invocation.log

Connecting to database...
Error: prereq checks failed!
Database connect failed with: ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 4475
Additional information: 1130588979 (DBD ERROR: OCISessionBegin)

Please refer to MOS Note 1609718.1 and/or the invocation log
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_30790_2022_05_31_12_03_51/sqlpatch_invocation.log
for information on how to resolve the above errors.

SQL Patching tool complete on Tue May 31 12:03:52 2022

查看log文件
[oracle@hisdb2 ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_30790_2022_05_31_12_03_51/sqlpatch_invocation.log
......
[2022-05-31 12:03:52]
[2022-05-31 12:03:52] Connecting to database...[2022-05-31 12:03:52]
[2022-05-31 12:03:52] Error: prereq checks failed!
[2022-05-31 12:03:52] Database connect failed with: ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 4475
Additional information: 1130588979 (DBD ERROR: OCISessionBegin)
......

经查询资料，一般情况下造成此异常原因为在同一个服务器上，使用了不同的ORACLE_HOME.
不过此处是由于数据库没有开启造成，节点2开启数据库后 ./datapatch -verbose成功执行.
如下：

[oracle@hisdb2 OPatch]$ ./datapatch -verbose
SQL Patching tool version 19.15.0.0.0 Production on Tue May 31 12:57:53 2022
Copyright (c) 2012, 2022, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Log file for this invocation: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_44944_2022_05_31_12_57_53/sqlpatch_invocation.log

Connecting to database...OK
Gathering database info...done
Bootstrapping registry and package to current versions...done
Determining current state...done

Current state of interim SQL patches:
Interim patch 33808367 (OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.15.0.0.220419 (33808367)):
  Binary registry: Installed
  SQL registry: Not installed

Current state of release update SQL patches:
  Binary registry:
    19.15.0.0.0 Release_Update 220331125408: Installed
  SQL registry:
    Applied 19.15.0.0.0 Release_Update 220331125408 successfully on 22-MAY-22 12.32.02.272029 PM

Adding patches to installation queue and performing prereq checks...done
Installation queue:
  No interim patches need to be rolled back
  No release update patches need to be installed
  The following interim patches will be applied:
    33808367 (OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.15.0.0.220419 (33808367))

Installing patches...
Patch installation complete.  Total patches installed: 1

Validating logfiles...done
Patch 33808367 apply: SUCCESS
  logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/33808367/24680225/33808367_apply_ORCL_2022May31_12_58_21.log (no errors)
SQL Patching tool complete on Tue May 31 12:58:23 2022