静默安装oracle 11.2.0.4

denglj · 发表于 2022-4-16 17:46:14

本帖最后由 denglj 于 2022-4-16 19:31 编辑

1、系统配置
1.1、系统版本

[root@dbserver~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

Red HatEnterprise Linux Server release 7.6 (Maipo)

1.2、禁用SELinux

[root@dbserver~]# sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/"/etc/selinux/config

1.3、创建用户与组

# groupaddoinstall

# groupadd dba

# groupadd oper

# useradd -goinstall -G dba,oper oracle

# echo oracle_4U|passwd --stdin oracle

1.4、创建安装目录

[root@dbserver~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

[root@dbserver~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

[root@dbserver~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata

[root@dbserver~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

[root@dbserver~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/

[root@dbserver~]# chmod -R 755 /u01/app/

1.5、修改内核参数

# cat <<EOF>>/etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmmax =277495689510912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000100 128

net.core.rmem_default =262144

net.core.rmem_max =4194304

net.core.wmem_default =262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall =4294967296

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65500

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse =1

net.core.somaxconn =262144

net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans= 262144

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog= 262144

net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries= 2

net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries= 1

net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout= 1

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time= 30

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes= 6

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl= 5

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps= 0

fs.aio-max-nr= 1048576

EOF

# /sbin/sysctl -p

1.6、修改系统限制

# cat <<EOF>>/etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

EOF

修改会话限制

# cat<<EOF>>/etc/pam.d/login

session required/lib64/security/pam_limits.so

EOF

1.7、修改环境变量

# su - oracle

$ cat <<EOF>>.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib

EOF

$ source.bash_profile

1.8、添加全局变量

[root@dbserver ~]# cat <<EOF>>/etc/profile

exportPATH=$PATH:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin

EOF

[root@dbserver ~]# source /etc/profile

1.9、配置yum源

# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt

# cat<<EOF>>/etc/yum.repos.d/oel7.repo

[oel7]

name=oel7

baseurl=file:///mnt

enable=1

gpgcheck=0

EOF

# yum makecache

1.10、安装包

# yum install -y bc binutilselfutils-libelf glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libXrender libX11 libXau libXilibXtst libgcc libstdc++ libxcb make policycoreutils policycoreutils-pythonsmartmontools sysstat gcc libaio-devel elfutils-libelf-devel gcc-c++libstdc++-devel unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686

# rpm -q bc binutils elfutils-libelf glibc glibc-devel kshlibaio libXrender libX11 libXau libXi libXtst libgcc libstdc++ libxcb makepolicycoreutils policycoreutils-python smartmontools sysstat gcc libaio-develelfutils-libelf-devel gcc-c++ libstdc++-devel unixODBC unixODBC*.i686unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686

1.11、安装包

上传安装包

[root@dbserver ~]# mkdir /soft

sftp>cd /soft

sftp>lcd F:\installmedium\11g

sftp>put p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip

sftp>put p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

[oracle@dbserver soft]$ cd/soft

解压安装包

[oracle@dbserver soft]$ ls *.zip | xargs -n1unzip -o –q

解压后在/soft/database/response目录下有三个.rsp文件

文件作用分别是：

db_install.rsp：安装应答

dbca.rsp：创建数据库应答

netca.rsp：建立监听、本地服务名等网络设置的应答

[oracle@dbserver database]$ cd response/

[oracle@dbserver response]$ ll

total 80

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 44533 Aug27 2013 dbca.rsp

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 25116 Aug 27 2013 db_install.rsp

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 5871 Aug 27 2013 netca.rsp

1.12、修改应答文件

[oracle@dbserver response]$cp db_install.rsp db_install_bak.rsp

[oracle@dbserver response]$ vi db_install.rsp

说明：按照如下参数修改

[oracle@dbserver response]$ less/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp |grep -v "#"|grep -v"^$"

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=dbserver 主机名

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall #指定oracle inventory目录的所有者，通常会是oinstall或者dba

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oralnventory #指定产品清单oracle inventory目录路径,如果是Win平台下可以省略

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW #指定数据库语言，选择多个时用逗号隔开。选择en, zh_CN,zh_TW (英文和简体中文和繁体中文)

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1#设置ORALCE_HOME的路径

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle #设置ORALCE_BASE的路径

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE #选择Oracle安装数据库软件的版本（企业版，标准版，标准版1），不同的版本功能不同

oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false

oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba #指定拥有OSDBA、OSOPER权限的用户组，通常会是dba组

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper

oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES= # 如果是RAC的安装，在这里指定所有的节点

oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=

oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE #选择数据库的用途，一般用途/事物处理，数据仓库

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl#指定GlobalName

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl #指定SID

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8#通常中文选择的有ZHS16GBK简体中文库，建议选择unicode的AL32UTF8国际字符集

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true# 11g的新特性自动内存管理，SGA_TARGET和PAG_AGGREGATE_TARGET都不用设置，Oracle会自动调整大小

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=1500#指定Oracle自动管理内存的大小，最小是256MB，通常为物理内存的40%

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false #是否载入模板示例

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true #是否启用安全设置

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle_4U #设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码，其它数据库用户就不用单独设置

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL #数据库本地管理工具DB_CONTROL，远程集中管理工具GRID_CONTROL

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL= #GRID_CONTROL需要设定grid control的远程路径URL

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false #设置自动备份，和OUI里的自动备份一样。

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE #自动备份，要求指定使用的文件系统还是ASM存放数据库文件

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/u01/app/oracle/oradata#使用文件系统存放数据库文件才需要指定数据文件、控制文件、Redo log的存放目录

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area#使用文件系统存放数据库文件才需要指定备份恢复目录

oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup= #使用ASM存放数据库文件才需要指定存放的磁盘组

oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword= #使用ASM存放数据库文件才需要指定ASM实例密码

MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME= #指定metalink账户用户名

MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD= #指定metalink账户密码

SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false #用户是否可以设置metalink密码

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true注意：在11.2的静默安装中疑似有一个BUG, Response File中必须指定为true，否则会提示错误,不管是否正确填写了邮件地址

PROXY_HOST=

PROXY_PORT=

PROXY_USER=

PROXY_PWD=

PROXY_REALM=

COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=

oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES

oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

说明：修改完参数后，重启主机开始安装

2、安装数据库

[oracle@dbserverresponse]$ cd /soft/database

[oracle@dbserverdatabase]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp 说明：此处也可用 ./runInstaller-silent -ignoreSysPrereqs -showProgress -responseFile/opt/database/response/db_install.rsp

StartingOracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120MB. Actual 43197 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150MB. Actual 10238 MB Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle UniversalInstaller from /tmp/OraInstall2022-04-01_07-05-05PM. Please wait...[oracle@dbserver database]$

[oracle@dbserver database]$ [WARNING][INS-13014] Target environment do not meet some optional requirements.

CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs fordetails./tmp/OraInstall2022-04-01_08-28-07PM/installActions2022-04-01_08-28-07PM.log

ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log:/tmp/OraInstall2022-04-01_08-28-07PM/installActions2022-04-01_08-28-07PM.log.Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriateconfiguration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.

You can find the log of this install sessionat:

/u01/app/oralnventory/logs/installActions2022-04-01_08-28-07PM.log

The installation of Oracle Database 11g wassuccessful.

Please check'/u01/app/oralnventory/logs/silentInstall2022-04-01_08-28-07PM.log' for moredetails.

As a root user, execute the followingscript(s):

1. /u01/app/oralnventory/orainstRoot.sh

2. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software.

执行脚本

[root@dbserver ~]#/u01/app/oralnventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of/u01/app/oralnventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions forworld.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oralnventoryto oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete.

[root@dbserver ~]#/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Check /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/install/root_dbserver_2022-04-01_20-34-46.logfor the output of root script

说明：安装过程可查看安装进度

[oracle@dbserver ~]$ tail -f/u01/app/oralnventory/logs/installActions2022-04-01_08-28-07PM.log

3、配置监听

[oracle@dbserverdatabase]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responsefile/soft/database/response/netca.rsp

Parsingcommand line arguments:

Parameter "silent" = true

Parameter "responsefile" =/soft/database/response/netca.rsp

Doneparsing command line arguments.

Oracle NetServices Configuration:

Profileconfiguration complete.

OracleNet Listener Startup:

Running Listener Control:

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER

Listener Control complete.

Listener started successfully.

Listenerconfiguration complete.

OracleNet Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0

4、创建数据库

修改如下文件：

[root@dbserver~]# vi /soft/database/response/dbca.rsp

GDBNAME ="orcl" //78行

SID="orcl" //149行

CHARACTERSET="AL32UTF8" //418行

NATIONALCHARACTERSET="UTF8" //428行

开始安装：

[oracle@dbserver~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile/soft/database/response/dbca.rsp

Enter SYS user password:

Enter SYSTEM user password:

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

11% complete

18% complete

26% complete

37% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

40% complete

45% complete

50% complete

55% complete

56% complete

60% complete

62% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

70% complete

73% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file"/u01/app/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.

5、数据库信息

SQL> r

1* selecttablespace_name,file_id,file_name from dba_data_files order by tablespace_name

TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_ID FILE_NAME

-------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------

SYSAUX 2/u01/app/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf

SYSTEM 1/u01/app/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

UNDOTBS1 3/u01/app/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf

USERS 4/u01/app/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

SQL> r

1* select namefrom v$controlfile

NAME

--------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl

/u01/app/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl

SQL> r

1* select * fromv$logfile

GROUP#STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_

---------- ------- --------------------------------------------------------- ---

3 ONLINE /u01/app/oradata/orcl/redo03.log NO

2 ONLINE /u01/app/oradata/orcl/redo02.log NO

1 ONLINE /u01/app/oradata/orcl/redo01.log NO

SQL> select username,user_id,default_tablespace,account_statusfrom dba_users;

USERNAME USER_IDDEFAULT_TABLESPACE ACCOUNT_STATUS

------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------

SYS 0SYSTEM OPEN

SYSTEM 5 SYSTEM OPEN

OUTLN 9SYSTEM EXPIRED& LOCKED

MGMT_VIEW 73 SYSTEM EXPIRED & LOCKED

FLOWS_FILES 74 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

MDSYS 57SYSAUX EXPIRED &LOCKED

ORDSYS 53 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

EXFSYS 42 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

DBSNMP 30 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

WMSYS 32SYSAUX EXPIRED& LOCKED

APPQOSSYS 31 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

USERNAME USER_ID DEFAULT_TABLESPACE ACCOUNT_STATUS

------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------

APEX_030200 77 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

OWBSYS_AUDIT 79 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

ORDDATA 54 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

CTXSYS 43 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

ANONYMOUS 46 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

SYSMAN 71 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

XDB 45SYSAUX EXPIRED& LOCKED

ORDPLUGINS 55 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

OWBSYS 78 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA 56 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

OLAPSYS 60 SYSAUX EXPIRED & LOCKED

USERNAME USER_IDDEFAULT_TABLESPACE ACCOUNT_STATUS

------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------

SCOTT 83 USERS EXPIRED & LOCKED

ORACLE_OCM 21 USERS EXPIRED & LOCKED

XS$NULL 2147483638 USERS EXPIRED & LOCKED

MDDATA 64 USERS EXPIRED & LOCKED

DIP 14USERS EXPIRED& LOCKED

APEX_PUBLIC_USER 75 USERS EXPIRED & LOCKED

SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR 69 USERS EXPIRED & LOCKED

SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_USR 66 USERS EXPIRED & LOCKED

30 rows selected.

帐号		自动登录	找回密码
密码			注册

[Oracle] 静默安装oracle 11.2.0.4