oracle 12c备份可以不用sysdba了吗

郑全

哪个能否验证一下.如果不用sysdba,该用什么

monkeybird

首先看一下10g、11g、12c中视图v$pwfile_users的结构：

10g:

SQL> desc v$pwfile_users;
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 USERNAME                                           VARCHAR2(30)
 SYSDBA                                             VARCHAR2(5)
 SYSOPER                                            VARCHAR2(5)

11g:

SQL> desc v$pwfile_users
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 USERNAME                                           VARCHAR2(30)
 SYSDBA                                             VARCHAR2(5)
 SYSOPER                                            VARCHAR2(5)
 SYSASM                                             VARCHAR2(5)

12c:

SQL> desc v$pwfile_users;
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 USERNAME                                           VARCHAR2(30)
 SYSDBA                                             VARCHAR2(5)
 SYSOPER                                            VARCHAR2(5)
 SYSASM                                             VARCHAR2(5)
 SYSBACKUP                                          VARCHAR2(5)
 SYSDG                                              VARCHAR2(5)
 SYSKM                                              VARCHAR2(5)
 CON_ID                                             NUMBER
在11g R2中，引入了SYSASM特权来执行ASM的特定操作。同样地，在12c中引入了SYSBACKUP特权用来在 RMAN中执行备份和恢复命令。因此，你可以在数据库中创建一个本地用户并在不授予其SYSDBA权限的情况下，通过授予SYSBACKUP权限让其能够在RMAN中执行备份和恢复相关的任务。

[oracle@dbserver12c ~]$ rman

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Aug 20 10:20:16 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

RMAN> connect target "sysbackup/oracle as sysbackup"

connected to target database: ORCL12C (DBID=654096713)

RMAN> select * from v$pwfile_users;

 

USERNAME   SYSDBA     SYSOPER    SYSASM     SYSBACKUP  SYSDG      SYSKM          CON_ID
----------       ----------    ----------    ----------      ----------    ----------   ----------       ----------
SYS               TRUE           TRUE         FALSE          FALSE      FALSE        FALSE               0
SYSDG          FALSE          FALSE        FALSE          FALSE      TRUE         FALSE               0
SYSBACKUP   FALSE          FALSE       FALSE          TRUE        FALSE       FALSE                0
SYSKM           FALSE          FALSE       FALSE          FALSE       FALSE       TRUE                 0

RMAN> backup database;

Starting backup at 20-AUG-13
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=47 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/oracle/oradata/orcl12c/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/oracle/oradata/orcl12c/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/oracle/oradata/orcl12c/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/oracle/oradata/orcl12c/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/oracle/oradata/orcl12c/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-AUG-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-AUG-13
piece handle=/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_08_20/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130820T102108_916ytpn7_.bkp tag=TAG20130820T102108 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:04:37
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-AUG-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-AUG-13
piece handle=/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL12C/backupset/2013_08_20/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20130820T102108_916z3grr_.bkp tag=TAG20130820T102108 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 20-AUG-13