ORACLE 23c免费版尝鲜

郑全 · 发表于 2023-4-9 19:39:25

本帖最后由郑全于 2023-4-9 19:43 编辑

ORACLE一改以前的发布策略，首先于2023-04-03 发布了基于LINUX下的23C免费版，其他平台，后面会陆续发布，同时提供Free的文档：https://docs.oracle.com/en/datab ... database/index.html ，23C 代号就是简化开发，看来这回从产品发布开始哈。至少到目前为此，企业版还没有正式发布哈。

ORACLE-FREE的软件介质在 https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/free-downloads.html，大家要安装，可以去这里下载，好了，废话不多说，我们来看看怎么安装：

1.安装操作系统：ORACLE LINUX 8.X
目前提供的安装包，是基于 ORACLE LINUX 8.X，如果想安装其他版本，可能要等一下了，本想ORACLE LINUX 9.1已经发布一段时间了，9.2都出BETA版了，结果不支持9.x.
因此，我这里安装的oracle linux 8.6,并升级到8.7  ：yum update
   步骤此处略（相信大家都会吧）
安装介质，可以见：  https://yum.oracle.com/ISOS/Orac ... 8-U6-x86_64-dvd.iso
2.下载ORACLE 23C安装包
oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

   根据实际情况看，必须要先安装这个预安装包，否则，后面23c-FREE 安装不上。
   并上传到LINUX上 /setup/
   [root@newserver ~]# ls -ltr /setup
   total 1717588
   -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1758776440 Apr  9 13:00 oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
   -rw-r--r--. 1 root root    30688 Apr  9 17:41 oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64.rpm

3.安装23C -FREE
3.1 安装预安装包
      [root@newserversetup]# yum localinstall oracle-database-free-23c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

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3.2 安装 23c-free
[root@newserversetup]# yum localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-23c-1.0-0.5.el8.x86_64.rpm

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3.3 配置数据库
      3.3.1 配置文件
               数据文件路径，可以提前配置文件 /etc/sysconfig/oracle-free-23c.conf，我这里没有配置，保持默认。
                     [root@newserver ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/oracle-free-23c.conf

#This is a configuration file to setup theOracle Database.

#It is used when running'/etc/init.d/oracle-free-23c configure'.

# LISTENER PORT used Database listener,Leave empty for automatic port assignment

LISTENER_PORT=

# Character set of the database

CHARSET=AL32UTF8

# Database file directory

# If not specified, database files arestored under Oracle base/oradata

DBFILE_DEST=

# DB Domain name

DB_DOMAIN=

# SKIP Validations, memory, space

               SKIP_VALIDATIONS=false

      3.3.2 配置数据库

[root@newserver setup]#/etc/init.d/oracle-free-23c configure

为 SYS, SYSTEM and PDBADMIN accounts 设置密码，满足基本的口令复杂度：至少8个字符，1个大小，1个小写，一个数字。后面就等待安装吧，大概要安装30分钟，看个人的机器性能了，好好放松一下。

安装日志在：/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/FREE/FREE.log.

Global Database Name:FREE

System Identifier(SID):FREE

Connect to Oracle Database using one of theconnect strings:

Pluggable database: newserver/FREEPDB1

Multitenant container database: newserver

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4.检查安装情况
  4.1 配置域名解析
   如果不配，也可以用，只是你要有耐心等待
   # echo "192.168.133.121 newserver" >> /etc/hosts

      [root@newserver ~]# cat /etc/hosts
   127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
   ::1       localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
   192.168.133.121 newserver
   [root@newserver ~]#

  4.2 配置环境变量
      安装好后，没有环境变量，输入不方便，我这里配置一下：

[oracle@newserver ~]$ export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/
[oracle@newserver ~]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/23c/dbhomeFree
[oracle@newserver ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=FREE
[oracle@newserver ~]$ export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

4.3 检查一下监听
lsnrctl status

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4.4 检查一下数据库后台进程
ps -ef|grep ora

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   发现没有，进程不是以ORA_开头，而是以DB_,导致还找了一下。

5.本地登录访问
[oracle@newserver ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 23.0.0.0.0 - Developer-Release on Sun Apr 9 18:47:51 2023
Version 23.2.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2023, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> show pdbs

CON_ID CON_NAME                      OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
      2 PDB$SEED                      READ ONLY  NO
      3 FREEPDB1                      READ WRITE NO

SQL> select name from v$tablespace;

NAME
------------------------------
SYSAUX
SYSTEM
UNDOTBS1
USERS
SYSAUX
SYSTEM
UNDOTBS1
TEMP
TEMP
SYSTEM
SYSAUX

NAME
------------------------------
UNDOTBS1
TEMP
USERS

14 rows selected.

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/users01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/FREEPDB1/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/FREEPDB1/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/FREEPDB1/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/FREEPDB1/users01.dbf

11 rows selected.

SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/temp01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/pdbseed/temp01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/FREEPDB1/temp01.dbf

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/redo03.log
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/redo02.log
/opt/oracle/oradata/FREE/redo01.log

SQL> select group#,sequence#,thread#,status from v$log;

GROUP#  SEQUENCE# THREAD# STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------
      1       1       1 CURRENT
      2       0       1 UNUSED
      3       0       1 UNUSED

SQL> select group#,sequence#,thread#,status,bytes/1024/1024 from v$log;

GROUP#  SEQUENCE# THREAD# STATUS          BYTES/1024/1024
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- ---------------
      1       1       1 CURRENT                   200
      2       0       1 UNUSED                      200
      3       0       1 UNUSED                      200

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6.配置数据库自动启动
  6.1 查找服务名
  [oracle@newserver ~]$ systemctl list-unit-files|grep oracle
oracle-database-preinstall-23c-firstboot.service generated
oracle-free-23c.service                         generated

  6.2 看状态
[oracle@newserver ~]$ systemctl status oracle-free-23c.service
● oracle-free-23c.service - SYSV: This script is responsible for taking care of configuring the RPM Oracle FREE Database and its associated services.
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle-free-23c; generated)
Active: inactive (dead)
   Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
[oracle@newserver ~]$

  6.3 开启随操作系统启动而启动
[oracle@newserver ~]$ systemctl is-enabled oracle-free-23c.service
oracle-free-23c.service is not a native service, redirecting to systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install is-enabled oracle-free-23c
disabled

[oracle@newserver ~]$ exit
logout
[root@newserver ~]# systemctl enable oracle-free-23c.service
oracle-free-23c.service is not a native service, redirecting to systemd-sysv-install.
Executing: /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable oracle-free-23c
[root@newserver ~]#

  6.4 启动服务
[root@newserver ~]# systemctl start oracle-free-23c.service

  6.5 查看状态
[root@newserver ~]# systemctl status oracle-free-23c.service
● oracle-free-23c.service - SYSV: This script is responsible for taking care of configuring the RPM Oracle FREE Database and its associated services.
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle-free-23c; generated)
Active: active (exited) since Sun 2023-04-09 19:23:20 CST; 1s ago
   Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 18131 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle-free-23c start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Apr 09 19:23:20 newserver systemd[1]: Starting SYSV: This script is responsible for taking care of configuring the RPM Oracle FREE Database and its associated services....
Apr 09 19:23:20 newserver oracle-free-23c[18131]: The Oracle Database instance FREE is already started.
Apr 09 19:23:20 newserver systemd[1]: Started SYSV: This script is responsible for taking care of configuring the RPM Oracle FREE Database and its associated services..

当然，这个时候，你可以重启一下机器，看数据库是否会自动起来。此处自行测试。

7.远程连接数据库
7.1 关闭防火墙，或者开启端口
      如果简单，就直接关闭防火墙
         systemctl stop firewalld
      或者开启端口也可
      [root@newserver ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=1521/tcp --permanent
      [root@newserver ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
      [root@newserver ~]# firewall-cmd --list-all
      public (active)
            target: default
      icmp-block-inversion: no
      interfaces: ens160
      sources:
      services: cockpit dhcpv6-client ssh
      ports: 1521/tcp
      protocols:
      forward: no
      masquerade: no
      forward-ports:
      source-ports:
      icmp-blocks:
      rich rules:
  7.2 测试从WINDOWS远程机器访问：

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