oracle维护常用sql语句

monkeybird

1、查看表空间的名称及大小
　　select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size
　　from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d
　　where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
　　group by t.tablespace_name;
　　
　　2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小
　　select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,
　　round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space
　　from dba_data_files
　　order by tablespace_name;
　　
　　3、查看回滚段名称及大小
　　select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status,
　　(initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent,
　　max_extents, v.curext CurExtent
　　From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v
　　Where r.segment_id = v.usn(+)
　　order by segment_name ;
　　
　　4、查看控制文件
　　select name from v$controlfile;
　　
　　5、查看日志文件
　　select member from v$logfile;
　　
　　6、查看表空间的使用情况
　　select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name
　　from dba_free_space
　　group by tablespace_name;
　　
　　SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,
　　(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"
　　FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C
　　WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
　　
　　7、查看数据库库对象
　　select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;
　　
　　8、查看数据库的版本　
　　Select version FROM Product_component_version
　　Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)=Oracle;
　　
　　9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
　　Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database;
　　
　　10、捕捉运行很久的SQL
　　column username format a12
　　column opname format a16
　　column progress format a8
　　
　　select username,sid,opname,
　　round(sofar*100 / totalwork,0) 　　 % as progress,
　　time_remaining,sql_text
　　from v$session_longops , v$sql
　　where time_remaining <> 0
　　and sql_address = address
　　and sql_hash_value = hash_value
　　/
　　
　　11、查看数据表的参数信息
　　SELECT partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name,
　　pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent,
　　next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, FREELISTS,
　　freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks,
　　empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size,
　　last_analyzed
　　FROM dba_tab_partitions
　　--WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :towner
　　ORDER BY partition_position
　　
　　12、查看还没提交的事务
　　select * from v$locked_object;
　　select * from v$transaction;
　　
　　13、查找object为哪些进程所用
　　select
　　p.spid,
　　s.sid,
　　s.serial# serial_num,
　　s.username user_name,
　　a.type object_type,
　　s.osuser os_user_name,
　　a.owner,
　　a.object object_name,
　　decode(sign(48 - command),
　　1,
　　to_char(command), Action Code # 　　 to_char(command) ) action,
　　p.program oracle_process,
　　s.terminal terminal,
　　s.program program,
　　s.status session_status
　　from v$session s, v$access a, v$process p
　　where s.paddr = p.addr and
　　s.type = USER and
　　a.sid = s.sid and
　　a.object=SUBSCRIBER_ATTR
　　order by s.username, s.osuser
　　
　　14、回滚段查看
　　select rownum, sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name Name, v$rollstat.extents
　　Extents, v$rollstat.rssize Size_in_Bytes, v$rollstat.xacts XActs,
　　v$rollstat.gets Gets, v$rollstat.waits Waits, v$rollstat.writes Writes,
　　sys.dba_rollback_segs.status status from v$rollstat, sys.dba_rollback_segs,
　　v$rollname where v$rollname.name(+) = sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name and
　　v$rollstat.usn (+) = v$rollname.usn order by rownum
　　
　　15、耗资源的进程（top session）
　　select s.schemaname schema_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1,
　　to_char(command), Action Code # 　　 to_char(command) ) action, status
　　session_status, s.osuser os_user_name, s.sid, p.spid , s.serial# serial_num,
　　nvl(s.username, [Oracle process]) user_name, s.terminal terminal,
　　s.program program, st.value criteria_value from v$sesstat st, v$session s , v$processp
　　where st.sid = s.sid and st.statistic# = to_number(38) and (ALL = ALL
　　or s.status = ALL) and p.addr = s.paddr order by st.value desc, p.spid asc, s.username asc, s.osuser asc
16、查看锁（lock）情况
　　select /*+ RULE */ ls.osuser os_user_name, ls.username user_name,
　　decode(ls.type, RW, Row wait enqueue lock, TM, DML enqueue lock, TX,
　　Transaction enqueue lock, UL, User supplied lock) lock_type,
　　o.object_name object, decode(ls.lmode, 1, null, 2, Row Share, 3,
　　Row Exclusive, 4, Share, 5, Share Row Exclusive, 6, Exclusive, null)
　　lock_mode, o.owner, ls.sid, ls.serial# serial_num, ls.id1, ls.id2
　　from sys.dba_objects o, ( select s.osuser, s.username, l.type,
　　l.lmode, s.sid, s.serial#, l.id1, l.id2 from v$session s,
　　v$lock l where s.sid = l.sid ) ls where o.object_id = ls.id1 and o.owner
　　<> SYS order by o.owner, o.object_name
　　
　　17、查看等待（wait）情况
　　SELECT v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count count, SUM(v$sysstat.value) sum_value
　　FROM v$waitstat, v$sysstat WHERE v$sysstat.name IN (db block gets,
　　consistent gets) group by v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count
　　
　　18、查看sga情况
　　SELECT NAME, BYTES FROM SYS.V_$SGASTAT ORDER BY NAME ASC
　　
　　19、查看catched object
　　SELECT owner, name, db_link, namespace,
　　type, sharable_mem, loads, executions,
　　locks, pins, kept FROM v$db_object_cache
　　
　　20、查看V$SQLAREA
　　SELECT SQL_TEXT, SHARABLE_MEM, PERSISTENT_MEM, RUNTIME_MEM, SORTS,
　　VERSION_COUNT, LOADED_VERSIONS, OPEN_VERSIONS, USERS_OPENING, EXECUTIONS,
　　USERS_EXECUTING, LOADS, FIRST_LOAD_TIME, INVALIDATIONS, PARSE_CALLS, DISK_READS,
　　BUFFER_GETS, ROWS_PROCESSED FROM V$SQLAREA
　　
　　

monkeybird

21、查看object分类数量 
select decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3 , 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 , 
'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' ) object_type , count(*) quantity from 
sys.obj$ o where o.type# > 1 group by decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3 
, 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 , 'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' ) union select 
'COLUMN' , count(*) from sys.col$ union select 'DB LINK' , count(*) from 

22、按用户查看object种类 
select u.name schema, sum(decode(o.type#, 1, 1, NULL)) indexes, 
sum(decode(o.type#, 2, 1, NULL)) tables, sum(decode(o.type#, 3, 1, NULL)) 
clusters, sum(decode(o.type#, 4, 1, NULL)) views, sum(decode(o.type#, 5, 1, 
NULL)) synonyms, sum(decode(o.type#, 6, 1, NULL)) sequences, 
sum(decode(o.type#, 1, NULL, 2, NULL, 3, NULL, 4, NULL, 5, NULL, 6, NULL, 1)) 
others from sys.obj$ o, sys.user$ u where o.type# >= 1 and u.user# = 
o.owner# and u.name <> 'PUBLIC' group by u.name order by 
sys.link$ union select 'CONSTRAINT' , count(*) from sys.con$ 

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