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实验课题：主备切换及IP互换. 应用场景：当服务器系统版本配置跟不上业务需求，此时就需要给该库搭建配置较高的备库，然后主备切换再进行IP互换，使得客户端访问新主库时不修改任何参数.这种需求在实际生产中是常有的. 1、原始数据主库IP：192.168.133.150(需改为192.168.133.151) 备库IP：192.168.133.151(需改为192.168.133.150) [oracle@oel~]$ cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomainlocalhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.133.150oel [oracle@oeldg~]$ cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomainlocalhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.133.151oeldg 主库 SQL>show parameter convert NAME TYPE VALUE ----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ db_file_name_convert string log_file_name_convert string 备库 SQL>show parameter convert NAME TYPE VALUE ----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ db_file_name_convert string /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl15 0/, /u01/app/oracle/oradata/or cl151/ log_file_name_convert string /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl15 0/, /u01/app/oracle/oradata/or cl151/, /u01/app/oracle/fast_r ecovery_area/orcl150/,/u01/ap p/oracle/fast_recovery_area/or cl151/ 2、convert参数因后续涉及switchover切换，先在主库设置convert参数. SQL>alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl151/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl150/'scope=spfile; SQL>alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl151/','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl150/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl151/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl150/'scope=spfile; SQL>shutdown immediate SQL>startup 3、switchover切换主切备 SQL>alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown; SQL>shutdown abort SQL>startup mount 备切主 SQL>alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown; SQL>alter database open; 4、生成pfile主备库生成pfile文件，以便后续修改. 5、IP互换说明：IP互换前，主备库停数据库、监听. 5.1、新主库IP修改[root@oeldg~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 …… IPADDR=192.168.133.150 …… 说明：将IPADDR=192.168.133.151修改为IPADDR=192.168.133.150 5.2、新备库IP修改[root@oel~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 …… IPADDR=192.168.133.151 …… 将IPADDR=192.168.133.150修改为IPADDR=192.168.133.151 5.3、重启网卡说明：主备库重启网卡. [root@oeldg~]# systemctl restart network.service Connectionwas reset. 注意：此时需要用修改后的IP重新连接服务器，主机oeldg对应的192.168.133.151此时变成192.168.133.150去连接. 6、修改hosts使用新IP登陆主备库，修改/etc/hosts文件 6.1、新主库[root@oeldg~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomainlocalhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.133.150oeldg 将192.168.133.151修改为192.168.133.150 6.2、新备库[root@oel~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomainlocalhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.133.151oel 将192.168.133.150修改为192.168.133.151 7、TNS文件修改tnsnames.ora文件. 7.1、主库[oracle@oeldgadmin]$ cat tnsnames.ora #tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora #Generated by Oracle configuration tools. ORCL150 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.133.150)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl150) ) ) ORCL151 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.133.151)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl151) ) ) 说明：不做修改. 7.2、备库[oracle@oeladmin]$ cat tnsnames.ora #tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora #Generated by Oracle configuration tools. ORCL150 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.133.150)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl150) ) ) ORCL151 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.133.151)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl151) ) ) 说明：不做修改. 8、监听文件修改监听listener.ora文件 8.1、新主库[oracle@oeldgadmin]$ cat listener.ora #listener.ora Network Configuration File:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora #Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER= (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl150) (ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = orcl150) ) )
LISTENER= (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.133.150)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY =EXTPROC1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER= /u01/app/oracle 说明：将GLOBAL_DBNAME= orcl151修改为GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl150，HOST= 192.168.133.151修改为HOST = 192.168.133.150，SID_NAME= orcl151修改为SID_NAME = orcl150。 8.2、新备库[oracle@oeladmin]$ cat listener.ora #listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora #Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl151) (ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1) (SID_NAME = orcl151) ) ) LISTENER= (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.133.151)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY =EXTPROC1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER= /u01/app/oracle 说明：蓝色为新增，将HOST =192.168.133.150修改为HOST = 192.168.133.151 9、修改pfile在主备库修改pfile文件后以该文件生成spfile启动数据库. 以下为新主库修改的参数. *.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/archivelogvalid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl150' *.db_unique_name='ORCL150' *.log_archive_dest_2='service=ORCL151lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcl151' 注意：备库*.audit_trail='db'参数需要设置为none. 10、启动服务启动主备库监听、数据库. [oracle@oeldgadmin]$ lsnrctl start [oracle@oeladmin]$ lsnrctl start SQL>startup nomountpfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl151.ora'; SQL>create spfile from pfile; SQL>shutdown immediate SQL>startup SQL>alter database recover managed standby database using current logfiledisconnect from session;
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发表于 2023-1-3 17:53:39
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