ORA-00245: control file backup failed; target is likely on a local file system

jiawang

环境：
DB VERSION: 11.2.0.4.0
RAC 2 nodes

报错现象：

Tue Jun 09 02:07:37 2020

Errors in file/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl1/trace/orcl1_ora_26486.trc:

ORA-00245: control file backup failed; target islikely on a local file system

解决办法：

在rac一个节点的rman中，修改SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME参数指定到ASM共享存储位置。
注意：在一个节点的rman中修改，会自动将改变同步到其他节点的rman中。

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '+data/xxxx/snapcf_xxx.f';

===========================================================================
以下根据metalink的相关文档整理
ORA-245: In RAC environment from 11.2 onwards Backup Or Snapshot controlfile needs to be in shared location (文档 ID 1472171.1)

错误原因：
Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 11.2.0.1.0 and later
Information in this document applies to any platform.
This issue is only applicable to RAC database.
该问题会出现在11.2.0.1.0及之后的RAC环境中。

From 11gR2 onwards, the controlfile backup happens without holding the controlfile enqueue. For non-RAC database, this doesn't change anything. But for RAC database, due to the changes made to the controlfile backup mechanism in 11gR2, any instance in the cluster may write to the snapshot controlfile. Due to this snapshot controlfile need to be visible to all instances.

11gR2之后，备份控制文件无需锁定controlfile enqueue。在非Rac中，没有任何改变。但是，在rac环境中，由于11gR2的控制文件备份原理发生了变化，集群中的每个实例都要能够写到快照控制文件。所以，快照控制文件要对所有实例可见。

The snapshot controlfile MUST be accessible by all nodes of a RAC database, if the snapshot controlfile does not reside on a shared device error will be raised at the time of RMAN backup while taking snapshot of controlfile.
在Rac中，所有节点都必须能够访问快照控制文件。如果快照控制文件没有放到共享设备上，当rman备份快照控制文件时，ORA-00245错误就会出现。