Linux下安装Oracle是报错：ORA-3113 "end of file on communication channel

郑全 · 发表于 2012-8-14 21:29:55

顶原创.

monkeybird · 发表于 2012-8-14 11:04:33

昨天在安装oracle实例是报如下错：

Linux下安装Oracle是报错：ORA-3113 "end of file on communication channel"

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Linux下安装Oracle是报错：ORA-3113 "end of file on communication channel"

2012-8-14 10:43 上传

在安装完成后，这个错误的出现还经常伴随着其它错误，比如说： ORA-1034 ORACLE not available

然后我尝试去启动数据库，却报如下错误：

ORA-01034: Oracle not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist

造成此错误的原因主要是共享内存不足，所以，接下来我们应该修改共享内存的大小，修改方法如下：

修改/etc/rc.d/rc.local文件。

　　在文件的前面注释的后面加入以下行：

　　#修改内核共享内存大小;

　　echo 134217728 > /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax;

　　#说明：这里的值为内存的一半;

　　#如果系统内存是256M，则值为134217728 ;

　　#如果系统内存是512M，则值为268435456;

　　修改完成以后，重起机器就搞定。

可是在重启后启动ASM却报错了：

[grid@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Aug 14 10:27:15 2012

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
ORA-29701: unable to connect to Cluster Synchronization Service

SQL>

--报错css没有启动
--使用crs_stat命令查看css状态
--发现AUTO_START=never
--也就是说其实css还没有设定为自动启动
--又查看了diskmon，也同样是不自动启动

[grid@localhost ~]$ crs_stat -p ora.cssd

NAME=ora.cssd
TYPE=ora.cssd.type
ACTION_SCRIPT=
ACTIVE_PLACEMENT=0

AUTO_START=never

CHECK_INTERVAL=30
DESCRIPTION="Resource type for CSSD"
FAILOVER_DELAY=0
FAILURE_INTERVAL=3
FAILURE_THRESHOLD=5
HOSTING_MEMBERS=
PLACEMENT=balanced
RESTART_ATTEMPTS=5
SCRIPT_TIMEOUT=600
START_TIMEOUT=600
STOP_TIMEOUT=900
UPTIME_THRESHOLD=1m

[grid@localhost ~]$ crs_stat -p ora.diskmon

NAME=ora.diskmon
TYPE=ora.diskmon.type
ACTION_SCRIPT=
ACTIVE_PLACEMENT=0

AUTO_START=never

CHECK_INTERVAL=20
DESCRIPTION="Resource type for Diskmon"
FAILOVER_DELAY=0
FAILURE_INTERVAL=3
FAILURE_THRESHOLD=5
HOSTING_MEMBERS=
PLACEMENT=balanced
RESTART_ATTEMPTS=10
SCRIPT_TIMEOUT=60
START_TIMEOUT=60
STOP_TIMEOUT=60
UPTIME_THRESHOLD=5s

--手动启动css
--启动过程中diskmon被一起拉起来
--启动后查询集群资源状况如下：

[grid@localhost ~]$ crsctl start resource ora.cssd

CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'localhost'
CRS-2679: Attempting to clean 'ora.diskmon' on 'localhost'
CRS-2681: Clean of 'ora.diskmon' on 'localhost' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'localhost'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'localhost' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'localhost' succeeded

[grid@localhost ~]$ crs_stat -t

Name           Type           Target    State     Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg    ora....up.type OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE    ONLINE    localhost
ora.asm        ora.asm.type   OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.cssd       ora.cssd.type ONLINE    ONLINE    localhost
ora.db11.db    ora....se.type OFFLINE   OFFLINE
ora.diskmon    ora....on.type ONLINE    ONLINE    localhost

--再次手动启动asm

SQL> startup

ASM instance started

Total System Global Area 284565504 bytes
Fixed Size                  1336036 bytes
Variable Size             258063644 bytes
ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes
ASM diskgroups mounted
SQL>

成功启动ASM；

然后我再次尝试去启动oracle，但又报错了，如下：

SQL> startup

ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

SQL>

解决办法：用root用户运行下列命令# mount -o remount,size=2G /dev/shm
原理及应用：1，查看oracle的alert_sqlercn.log文件，如果出现ORA-00845错误，会有如下的内容WARNING: You are trying to use the MEMORY_TARGET feature. This feature requires the /dev/shm file system to be mounted for at least 423624704 bytes. /dev/shm is either not mounted or is mounted with available space less than this size. Please fix this so that MEMORY_TARGET can work as expected. Current available is 413573120 and used is 12288 bytes.memory_target needs larger /dev/shm这句话就是说以目前的设置/dev/shm这个设备的大小至少要有423624704 bytes,2,编辑/etc/fstab文件加入以下内容none /dev/shm devshm defaults,size=1250M 0 0其中size后指定了/dev/shm设备的大小，注意一定要大于Oracle所要求的最小大小。3，执行以下命令重新载入设备mount -o remount /dev/shm现在你就可以启动你的Oracle实例了。
下面是oracle官方文档的解释：Starting with Oracle Database 11g, the Automatic Memory Management feature requires more shared memory (/dev/shm)and file descriptors. The size of the shared memory should be at least the greater ofMEMORY_MAX_TARGETandMEMORY_TARGETfor each Oracle instance on the computer. IfMEMORY_MAX_TARGETorMEMORY_TARGETis set to a non zero value, and an incorrect size is assigned to the shared memory, it will result in anORA-00845error at startup. The number of file descriptors for each Oracle instance should be at least512*PROCESSES. Also, the limit of descriptors for each process should be at least 512. If file descriptors are not sized correctly, you will noticeORA-27123from various Oracle processes and potentiallyLinux Error EMFILE (Too many open files)errors in non-Oracle processes.

修改后再次去启动oracle数据库：

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 418484224 bytes
Fixed Size                  1345352 bytes
Variable Size             247466168 bytes
Database Buffers          163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers                6094848 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>

启动成功。

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