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标题: Secure Application Roles - 安全角色 [打印本页]

作者: windjack 时间: 2020-6-10 11:17
标题: Secure Application Roles - 安全角色
本帖最后由 windjack 于 2020-6-10 11:24 编辑

Oracle Secure Application Roles－安全角色

------------------------------------------------

安全应用角色

1.可以解决其他客户端程序越权访问数据的问题。

2.比隐藏密码机制更好。

3.使用SYS_CONTEXT机制和VPD效果一样。

4.启用角色时通过包，而不是通过密码。

测试环境：
linux x86-64
ORACLE 19.3.0.0

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[oracle@dbserver admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Jun 10 10:44:35 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0
SQL>

1.建立一个名为secure_user的应用用户，只有create session权限或其他权限，但不具有查询HR用户下表的权限。

SQL> create user secure_user identified by oracle;
User created.

SQL> grant create session to secure_user;
Grant succeeded.

2.创建1个安全角色，此时认证使用的过程包不需要已经存在。赋予对hr.emp表的查询权限。

SQL> create role secure_role identified using hr.auth_role;
Role created.

SQL> grant select on hr.emp to secure_role;
Grant succeeded.

3.创建权限信息表。如果权限比较简单，也可以不使用权限信息表，直接在验证包里写验证信息。

目的是为了限制应用用户从指定IP连接上来才具有安全角色权限。

表结构如下

SQL> create table hr.auth_roles
  2  (
  3    username varchar2(50),
  4    role varchar2(50),
  5    IP_ADDRESS varchar2(50),
  6    enabled number
  7  )
  8  ;
Table created.

SQL> insert into hr.auth_roles values('SECURE_USER','SECURE_ROLE','192.168.133.1',1);
1 row created.

4.创建验证的包和包体

需要包含AUTHID CURRENT_USER子句：

create or replace procedure hr.auth_role

AUTHID CURRENT_USER

cursor vc is

SELECT role

FROM hr.AUTH_ROLES

WHERE username = upper(sys_context('userenv','current_user'))

AND ip_address = upper(sys_context('userenv','ip_address'))

AND enabled=1;

v_role hr.auth_roles.role%TYPE;

begin

open vc;

loop

fetch vc into v_role;

IF vc%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN

raise_application_error(-20123,'This IP has Invalid Privilege',false);

END IF;

exit when vc%notfound;

dbms_session.set_role(v_role);

end loop;

exception

when others then

dbms_output.put_line(dbms_utility.format_error_stack);

END;

5.分配这个包的执行权限,权限表的查询权限以及角色给应用用户。

权限分配表的权限给了应用用户，应用用户可以知道哪些IP具有权限，

如果不使用权限分配表，写在存储过程中，

应用用户也可以从all_sources视图中查询到存储过程的内容。

SQL> grant execute on hr.auth_role to secure_user;
Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant select on hr.auth_roles to secure_user;
Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant secure_role to secure_user;
Grant succeeded.

SQL> ALTER USER secure_user DEFAULT ROLE ALL EXCEPT secure_role;
User altered.

6.测试连接

从IP 192.168.133.1连接(我这里是win10的环境，服务器IP是192.168.133.120）

C:\Users\lg>sqlplus secure_user/oracle@192.168.133.120:1521/orcl
L*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on 星期三 6月 10 11:01:39 2020
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
上次成功登录时间: 星期三 6月  10 2020 10:57:50 +08:00
连接到:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production

SQL> exec hr.auth_role;
PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。

SQL> select count(*) from hr.emp;

  COUNT(*)
----------
   107
SQL>

从其他IP连接(我测试从服务器本机连接)

[oracle@dbserver ~]$ sqlplus secure_user/oracle
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Jun 10 11:12:13 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Last Successful login time: Wed Jun 10 2020 11:12:07 +08:00
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0

SQL> exec hr.auth_role;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> select count(*) from hr.emp;
select count(*) from hr.emp
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

可以看出SECURE_USER只有从192.168.133.1登录才具有查询HR.EMP的权限。

--THE END.

附一道练习题：
QUESTION 198

You want to create arole that:

- is protected from unauthorized usage

- does not use apassword embedded in the application source code or stored in a table

- isenabled for a user based on securitypolicies defined in a PL/SQLpackage

How would you create this role?

A. as asecure applicationrole

B. with definer’srights

C. with global authentication

D. with external authentication

Answer: A

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